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Breast-Feeding Exposure of Infants To Environmental Contaminants — a Public Health Risk Assessment Viewpoint: Chlorinated Dibenzodioxins and Chlorinated Dibenzofurans

Division of Toxicology Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Public Health Service U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Atlanta, Georgia

Beth F. Hibbs

Division of Toxicology Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Public Health Service U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Atlanta, Georgia

Exposure of children to chlorinated dibenzodioxins and chlorinated dibenzofurans via breast-feeding has been well-documented in industrialized countries. Recent studies indicate a possible link between development of subtle health effects in children and their exposure to dioxin-like chemicals from maternal milk. Some examples of the effects are lower vitamin K levels, increased thyroxine levels, and mild changes in liver enzymes. The projected daily intakes of chlorinated dibenzodioxins and chlorinated dibenzofurans are compared with minimal risk levels for intermediate duration oral exposure (15-365 days) derived for these chemicals. Public health recommendations for future actions related to infant intake of chlorinated dibenzodioxin- and chlorinated dibenzofuran-contaminated breast milk are also addressed.

Key Words: 2. Abbreviations: ATSDR • Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry • CDD • chlorinated dibenzodioxin • CDF • chlorinated dibenzofuran • EPA • U.S. Environmental Protection Agency • MRL • minimal risk level • PCB • polychlorinated biphenyl • TCDD • 2,4,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin • TEF • toxicity equivalency factor • TEQ • toxicity equivalent • WHO • World Health Organization.

Toxicology and Industrial Health, Vol. 12, No. 5, 593-611 (1996)
DOI: 10.1177/074823379601200501


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