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Neurophysiological and Neuropathological Evaluation of Primates Exposed To Ethylene Oxide and Propylene Oxide

Department of Health and Human Services National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Division of Biomedical and Behavioral Science Cincinnati, Ohio

W. Stephen Brightwell

Department of Health and Human Services National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Division of Biomedical and Behavioral Science Cincinnati, Ohio

John M. Russo

Department of Health and Human Services National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Division of Biomedical and Behavioral Science Cincinnati, Ohio

Barry L. Johnson

Department of Health and Human Services National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Division of Biomedical and Behavioral Science Cincinnati, Ohio

Dennis W. Lynch

Department of Health and Human Services National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Division of Biomedical and Behavioral Science Cincinnati, Ohio

George Madden

Department of Health and Human Services National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Division of Biomedical and Behavioral Science Cincinnati, Ohio

Jeanne R. Burg

Department of Health and Human Services National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Division of Biomedical and Behavioral Science Cincinnati, Ohio

Helmuth Sprinz

Midwest Research Institute Kansas City, Missouri

Over 500 000 workers in the United States are exposed to ethylene oxide and propylene oxide. These two solvents are used as chemical intermediates, as well as components in the manufacture of fumigants and food preparation. The neurophysiologic and neuropathologic effects of these two organic oxides were investigated in five groups of 12 primates after exposure to 50 or 100 ppm ethylene oxide, 100 or 300 ppm propylene oxide, or no chemical (sham-exposed). Animals were exposed for 7 h/day, 5 dayslwkfor 24 months. Body weights, electroencephalograms, and motor nerve conduction velocities of the sciatic and ulnar nerves were assessed six times throughout the exposure period. Although the monkeys exposed to 100 ppm ethylene oxide had significantly lower mean weights, nerve conduction velocities did not differ significantly among the groups. Following termination of exposures, ten animals (two from each exposure group) were

Key Words: 2. Abbreviations: ACGIH • American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists • ANOVA • analysis of Variance • EEG • electroencephalogram • EtO • ethylene oxide • IARC • International Agency for Research on Cancer • MANCOVA • multivariate analysis of covariance • MAP • muscle action potential • MCV • maximum motor nerve conduction velocity • NIOSH • National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health • OSHA • Occupational Safety and Health Administration • PEL • permissible exposure limit • PO • propylene oxide • RMS • root mean square power • TWA • time-weighted average.

Toxicology and Industrial Health, Vol. 12, No. 5, 667-682 (1996)
DOI: 10.1177/074823379601200506


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