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Toxicology and Industrial Health
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Crystalline silica incubated in ascorbic acid acquires a higher cytotoxic potential

Marco Giovine

CNR - Direzione Progetto Finalizzato Biotecnologie, Via Leon Battista Alberti, 4, 16132 Genova, Italy

Marina Pozzolini

DIMES, Sez. Biochimica, Universita` degli Studi di Genova, Viale Benedetto XV, 1, 16132 Genova, Italy

Ivana Fenoglio

Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica, Chimica Fisica e Chimica dei Materiali and Interdepartmental Center ‘G. Scansetti’ for Studies on Asbestos and other Toxic Particulates, Universita` degli Studi di Torino, via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy

Sonia Scarfi

DIMES, Sez. Biochimica, Universita` degli Studi di Genova, Viale Benedetto XV, 1, 16132 Genova, Italy

Mara Ghiazza

Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica, Chimica Fisica e Chimica dei Materiali and Interdepartmental Center ‘G. Scansetti’ for Studies on Asbestos and other Toxic Particulates, Universita` degli Studi di Torino, via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy

Umberto Benatti

Centro di Eccellenza per la Ricerca Biomedica, Universita` di Genova, Viale Benedetto XV, 5 16132 Genova, Italy

Bice Fubini

Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica, Chimica Fisica e Chimica dei Materiali and Interdepartmental Center ‘G. Scansetti’ for Studies on Asbestos and other Toxic Particulates, Universita` degli Studi di Torino, via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy, bice.fubini{at}unito.it

Quartz incubated in an aqueous solution of ascorbic acid is partially dissolved and the potential to generate hydroxyl radicals from hydrogen peroxide is enhanced. In order to investigate whether the surface activation triggered by the treatment with ascorbic acid would also involve an enhancement in cell toxicity, a murine macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7) was exposed to untreated and ascorbic acid-treated quartz. Ascorbic acid pretreated quartz was more toxic than untreated quartz and all cells died within 24 hours after exposure. Tetrandrine (a Chinese drug employed to retard or reverse fibrotic lesions of silicosis in humans) partially reduced cell toxicity generated by ascorbic acid pretreated quartz.

Key Words: ascorbic acid • cytotoxicity • free radicals • inflammation • macrophages • quartz

Toxicology and Industrial Health, Vol. 18, No. 5, 249-255 (2002)
DOI: 10.1191/0748233702th148oa
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