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Toxicology and Industrial Health
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Effect of formaldehyde inhalation on Hsp70 in seminiferous tubules of rat testes: an immunohistochemical study

Oguz Aslan Özen

Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyon, Turkey, oaslano{at}hotmail.com

Nusret Akpolat

Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazigg, Turkey

Ahmet Songur

Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyon, Turkey

Ilter Kus

Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, F1rat University, Elazig, Turkey

Ismail Zararsiz

Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, F1rat University, Elazig, Turkey

Veysel Haktan Özaçmak

Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Z. Karaelmas University, Zonguldak, Turkey

Mustafa Sarsilmaz

Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, F1rat University, Elaz1g', Turkey

One parameter which might provide an insight into the underlying mechanism of the effect of formaldehyde (FA) inhalation on testicular tissue, is the assessment of heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70), which increases promptly in cells exposed to stress caused by chemical toxicity. Thus, following subchronic exposure at cytotoxic concentrations, we studied the immunohistochemical effect of FA inhalation on changes in Hsp70 content in testicular tissue.

We used 18 albino Wistar rats divided into three groups, exposed to 0 (control), 5 and 10 ppm FA gas for a total of 91 days, 8 h/day, five days a week. Serum testosterone levels were determined using a chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay. Testicular tissues were stained with Hematoxylin-Eosine and Hsp70 immunohistochemically performed. Diameters of seminiferous tubules and serum testosterone levels in animals inhaling FA were significantly decreased. In seminiferous epithelium stained for Hsp70, compared to those in the control group, the spermatogenetic cells in the experimental groups demonstrated an obvious increase in immunoreaction spermatides in the adluminal region and especially in the cytoplasm of spermatocytes. Immunoreaction of Hsp70 was detected in the spermatogonias of animals exposed to FA inhalation as opposed to those of the control group. Compared to the control, there was a significant increase in the immunoreactions observed not only in the cytoplasm of primary spermatocytes, but also spermatides in the adluminal region of the seminiferous tubules.

In conclusion, FA gas may damage spermatogenetic cells and increase Hsp70 synthesis.

Key Words: formaldehyde exposure • Hsp70 • inhalation • seminiferous tubule • testis

Toxicology and Industrial Health, Vol. 21, No. 9, 249-254 (2005)
DOI: 10.1191/0748233705th235oa
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