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Levels of retinyl palmitate and retinol in stratum corneum, epidermis and dermis of SKH-1 mice

National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA

Qingsu Xia

National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA

Peggy Webb

National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA

Alan R Warbritton

Toxicological Pathology Associates, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA

Wayne G Wamer

Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, US Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD 20740, USA

Paul C Howard

National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA

Mary Boudreau

National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA

Peter P Fu

National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA, pfu{at}nctr.fda.gov

Vitamin A (retinol) regulates many biological functions, including epidermal cell growth. Retinyl palmitate (RP) is the major esterified form of retinol and the predominant component of retinoids in the skin; however, how endogenous levels of RP and retinol in the skin are affected by the age of the animal remains unknown. Furthermore, the levels of retinol and RP in the various skin layers- the stratum corneum, epidermis and dermis of skin- have not been reported. In this paper, we report the development of a convenient method for separation of the skin from SKH-1 female mice into the stratum corneum, epidermis, and dermis and the determination of the levels of RP and retinol in the three fractions by HPLC analysis. The total quantities of RP and retinol from the stratum corneum, epidermis, and dermis are comparable to those extracted from the same amount of intact skin from the same mouse. There was an age-related effect on the levels of RP and retinol in the skin and liver of female mice. An age-related effect was also observed in the stratum corneum, epidermis, and dermis. The levels of RP and retinol were highest in the epidermis of 20-week-old mice, and decreased when the age increased to 60- and 68-weeks. The total amount of RP at 20 weeks of age was found to be 1.52 ng/mg skin, and decreased about 4-fold at 60- and 68-weeks of age. A similar trend was found for the effects of age on the levels of retinol.

Key Words: Retinyl palmitate • retinol • skin

Toxicology and Industrial Health, Vol. 22, No. 3, 103-112 (2006)
DOI: 10.1191/0748233706th252oa


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				J Yan, Q Xia, W. Wamer, M. Boudreau, A Warbritton, P. Howard, and P. Fu Levels of retinyl palmitate and retinol in the skin of SKH-1 mice topically treated with retinyl palmitate and concomitant exposure to simulated solar light for thirteen weeks Toxicology and Industrial Health, November 1, 2007; 23(10): 581 - 589. [Abstract] [PDF]

				J. Yan, W. G Wamer, P. C Howard, M. D Boudreau, and P. P Fu Levels of retinyl palmitate and retinol in the stratum corneum, epidermis, and dermis of female SKH-1 mice topically treated with retinyl palmitate Toxicology and Industrial Health, May 1, 2006; 22(4): 181 - 191. [Abstract] [PDF]