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Toxicology and Industrial Health, Vol. 23, No. 1, 47-54 (2007)
DOI: 10.1177/0748233707077446

Toxicity of pharmaceutical wastewater on male reproductive system of Mus musculus

Dayong Zhao

State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China, zhaodayong125016{at}gmail.com

Chengjun Zhu

State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China

Shilei Sun

State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China

Hongfeng Yu

School of Environment and Survey, Mining University of China, Xuzhou, PR China

Li Zhang

School of Environment and Survey, Mining University of China, Xuzhou, PR China

Wenyang Pan

State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China

Xuxiang Zhang

State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China

Hongxia Yu

State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China

Jidong Gu

Department of Ecology and Biodiversity, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China

Shupei Cheng

State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China

This study reports on the toxic effects of 35-days intragastric perfusion of pharmaceutical wastewater on the male reproductive system of Mus musculus. Flow cytometric analyses and staining with fluorescein diacetate (FDA) and propidium iodide (PI) were used to assess the toxicity on spermatogenic cells. Significant depletions in the relative percentages of elongated spermatid (HC), diploid spermatogonia (2C), and S-phase cells were observed. These alterations in different germ cell populations were reflected in the various germ cell ratios. The ratios of 1C : 4C and HC : 2C showed a significant decline after pharmaceutical wastewater treatment, while the 4C : 2C and 1C : 2C ratios increased significantly. FDA and PI staining displayed reduced viability of spermatogenic cells in wastewater treated group. Statistically significant percentages of sperm abnormalities showed the genotoxic potential of this pharmaceutical wastewater. Testicular histopathological studies of treated animals revealed expansion of interstitial space and reduction in the number and size of Leydig cells. Thus, the present study has established the toxicity of pharmaceutical wastewater on the reproductive biology of male mice. Toxicology and Industrial Health 2007; 23: 47—54.

Key Words: pharmaceutical wastewater • flow cytometry • spermatogenic cells • sperm abnormality • histopathology


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