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Toxicology and Industrial Health
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The potential role of combined anti-oxidants against cadmium toxicity on liver of rats

Meral Koyuturk

Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Science University, 34394-Esentepe, Istanbul, Turkey, mkoyuturk1{at}yahoo.com

Refiye Yanardag

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University, 34320-Avcilar, Istanbul, Turkey

Sehnaz Bolkent

Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, 34459-Vezneciler, Istanbul, Turkey

Sevim Tunali

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University, 34320-Avcilar, Istanbul, Turkey

Cadmium (Cd), a widely distributed toxic trace metal, has been shown to accumulate in liver after long- and short-term exposure. Cd (2mg/kg/day CdCl2) was intraperitoneally given to rats for eight days. Vitamin C (250mg/kg/day) + vitamin E (250mg/kg/day) + sodium selenate (0.25 mg/kg/day) were given to rats by oral means. The animals were treated by anti-oxidants one hour prior to treatment with Cd every day. The degenerative changes were observed in the groups given only Cd and anti-oxidants + Cd. Metallothionein (MT) immunoreactivity increased in cytoplasm of hepatocytes of the rats given Cd when compared with controls. In a number of cells with Cd and anti-oxidants treatment, immunoreactivity increase was more than in the group given Cd only and nuclear MT expression was also detected. Cell proliferation was assessed with proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunohistochemistry. PCNA expressions increased in all groups more than in the controls. Anti-oxidants treatment increased cell proliferation. In the animals administered with Cd, an increase in serum aspartate (AST) and alanine (ALT) aminotransferases, liver glutathione (GSH) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels were observed. On the other hand, in the rats treated with anti-oxidants and Cd, serum AST and ALT, liver glutathione and LPO levels decreased. As a result, these results suggest that combined anti-oxidants treatment might be useful in protection of liver against Cd toxicity. Toxicology and Industrial Health 2007; 23: 393—401.

Key Words: anti-oxidants • cadmium • liver • metallothionein

Toxicology and Industrial Health, Vol. 23, No. 7, 393-401 (2007)
DOI: 10.1177/0748233707081907
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