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Toxicology and Industrial Health
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research-article

Induction of micronuclei in rat bone marrow after chronic exposure to lead acetate trihydrate

MA Alghazal

University of Veterinary Medicine, Komenského 73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia

I Sutiaková

University of Presov, 17. November 1, 081 16 Presov, Slovakia

N Kovalkovicová

University of Veterinary Medicine, Komenského 73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia

J Legáth

University of Veterinary Medicine, Komenského 73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia

M Falis

University of Veterinary Medicine, Komenského 73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia

J Pistl

University of Veterinary Medicine, Komenského 73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia

R Sabo

University of Veterinary Medicine, Komenského 73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia

K Benová

University of Veterinary Medicine, Komenského 73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia

L Sabová

University of Veterinary Medicine, Komenského 73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia

P Váczi

University of Veterinary Medicine, Komenského 73, 041 81 Kosice, Slovakia

Lead increasingly contributes to pollution of the environment and may play a role in the development of adverse effects in the human and animal body. Data concerning its mutagenic, clastogenic, and carcinogenic properties have been conflicting. In this study, we evaluated the frequency of micronuclei in bone marrow erythrocytes of rats treated with lead acetate trihydrate. Outbred Wistar rats were exposed to a daily dose of 100 mg/L drinking water for 125 days. The mean value of the total number of micronuclei observed in polychromatic erythrocytes of female rats was significantly higher than that found in the control group (13.375 ± 2.722 against 9.625 ± 3.204 micronuclei/1000 cells; P = 0.024 in ANOVA). In exposed female animals, no significant reduction of the ratio of polychromatic to normochromatic erythrocytes was observed (0.990 ± 0.228 against 1.208 ± 0.195; P = 0.060 in ANOVA). The effects of lead acetate trihydrate in male rats are both cytotoxic and genotoxic because of a decrease in ratio of polychromatic to normochromatic erythrocytes (0.715 ± 0.431 against 1.343 ± 0.306; P = 0.023, ANOVA followed by Tukey test) and an increase in frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (24.167 ± 7.859 against 4.0 ± 4.528 micronuclei/1000 cells; P ≤ 0.001, ANOVA followed by Tukey test), respectively.

Key Words: erythrocyte bone marrow test • genotoxicity • lead acetate trihydrate • micronucleus • rat

Toxicology and Industrial Health, Vol. 24, No. 9, 587-593 (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/0748233708100089
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