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Blood and urine cadmium and bioelements profile in nickel-cadmium battery workers in Serbia

Institute of Toxicology academic Danilo Soldatovi, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia zorica.bulat{at}pharmacy.bg.ac.rs

D uki-osi

Institute of Toxicology academic Danilo Soldatovi, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia

M oki

Department of Occupational Health, Medical Center Valjevo, Valjevo, Serbia

P Bulat

Institute of Occupational Health, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia

V Matovi

Institute of Toxicology academic Danilo Soldatovi, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia

Although cadmium (Cd) is extensively used for nickel-cadmium battery production, few recent reports are available on the effect of this toxic metal on the imbalance of biometals in occupational exposure. The current study was carried out to determine the Cd level and its effect on the content of bioelements: zinc, cooper, magnesium, and iron in blood and urine of workers exposed to Cd during nickel-cadmium battery production. β₂-microglobulins (β₂-MG), as indicators of kidney damage, were determined in urine.

The study group comprised 32 male nickel-cadmium battery workers, and the control group had 15 male construction workers with no history of Cd exposure. Levels of Cd and bioelements were determined in blood and urine by atomic absorption spectrophotometry.

Cd concentration in blood of exposed workers was around 10 µg/L and in urine ranged from 1.93 to 8.76 µg/g creatinine (cr). Urine Cd concentration was significantly higher in exposed workers than in the controls, although no statistical difference in β₂-MG content was observed in urine between the two groups. Blood Zn and Mg level were significantly reduced and urine Zn level was increased in Cd-exposed group when compared with controls.

The mean Cd concentrations in blood and urine did not exceed the recommended reference values of 10 µg/L in blood and 10 µg/g cr in urine. Cd exposure resulted in disturbances of Zn in blood and urine and Mg in blood but had no effect on Cu and Fe content in biological fluids.

Key Words: bioelements • blood • cadmium • nickel-cadmium battery workers • urine

Toxicology and Industrial Health, Vol. 25, No. 2, 129-135 (2009)
DOI: 10.1177/0748233709104488


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