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Toxicology and Industrial Health
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research-article

A study of particulates and metallic element concentrations in temple

GC Fang

Air Toxic and Environmental Analysis Laboratory, Hungkuang University, Sha-Lu, Taichung, Taiwan gcfang{at}sunrise.hk.edu.tw

SJ Lin

Air Toxic and Environmental Analysis Laboratory, Hungkuang University, Sha-Lu, Taichung, Taiwan

JF Lee

Air Toxic and Environmental Analysis Laboratory, Hungkuang University, Sha-Lu, Taichung, Taiwan

CC Chang

Air Toxic and Environmental Analysis Laboratory, Hungkuang University, Sha-Lu, Taichung, Taiwan

Concentrations of ambient suspended particulates were measured at Tzu Yun Yen temple in Taiwan (120°, 34', 46.2''E, 24°, 16', 17.1''N), where semi-open incense burning is characteristic. Many pilgrims from different areas with various beliefs visit the temple and burn incense. Samples were collected with a universal sampler used for measuring suspended particulate concentrations. Sampling period was from August 8, 2006, to October 6, 2006. The average PM10 concentrations measured at the temple were 16% higher than 125 µg/m3 (this value is the outdoor air quality standard according to Taiwan Environmental Protection Administration (EPA)). In coarse particulates (PM2.5–10), the mean metallic elements concentrations are in the order of Ca>Mg>Zn>Fe>Mn>Cr>Cu>Pb during weekend and weekday sampling. In addition, the fine particulates (PM2.5) mean metallic elements concentrations are in the order of Ca>Mg>Fe>Zn>Cr>Mn>Pb>Cu during weekend sampling and Ca>Fe>Mg>Zn>Cr>Mn>Pb>Cu during weekday sampling.

Key Words: incense burning • metallic elements • PM10 • PM2.5–10 • PM2.5 • temple

Toxicology and Industrial Health, Vol. 25, No. 2, 93-100 (2009)
DOI: 10.1177/0748233709105594
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