Toxicology and Industrial Health

 

Advanced Search

Journal Navigation

Journal Home

Subscriptions

Archive

Contact Us

Table of Contents

Sign In to gain access to subscriptions and/or personal tools.
This Article
Right arrow Abstract Freely available
Right arrow Free Full Text (Free PDF) Free
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Right arrow Citation Map
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Add to Saved Citations
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowRequest Permissions
Right arrow Request Reprints
Right arrow Add to My Marked Citations
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Ozan, E
Right arrow Articles by Kuloglu, T
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Ozan, E
Right arrow Articles by Kuloglu, T
Social Bookmarking
Add to CiteULike   Add to Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us   Add to Digg   Add to Reddit   Add to Technorati  
What's this?
Toxicology and Industrial Health, Vol. 23, No. 8, 479-485 (2007)
DOI: 10.1177/0748233708089023

research-article

Effects of melatonin and vitamin C on cigarette smoke–induced damage in the kidney

E Ozan

Medical Faculty, Histology and Embryology Department, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey

MF Sonmez

Medical Faculty, Histology and Embryology Department, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey

S Ozan

Veterinary Faculty, Biochemistry Department, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey

N Colakoglu

Medical Faculty, Histology and Embryology Department, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey

S Yilmaz

Veterinary Faculty, Biochemistry Department, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey

T Kuloglu

Medical Faculty, Histology and Embryology Department, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey

This study was carried out to investigate smoke-induced structural and biochemical changes and protective effects of co-administered melatonin and vitamin C in the kidney. Twenty-four Wistar adult female rats were used in this study. Animals were divided into four groups. The first group rats were used as control. The second group of rats inhaled cigarette smoke. Smile smoke inhaling third and fourth group rats received melatonin and vitamin C, respectively. At the end of experimental study, kidney tissues and blood samples were taken under ether anesthesia. Tissues were prepared and examined by light microscopy. Malondialdehyde and glutathione levels and catalase activity were determined. By light microscopic observation, a decrease of Bowman space of some renal corpuscles, foamy-like tubules, dilatation and congestion of the peritubuler vessels, and atrophy of the some renal corpuscles were observed in group II. In groups III and IV melatonin and vitamin C relatively protected the kidney tissue against smoke intoxication. Biochemical examination showed that malondialdehyde and glutathione levels and catalase activity in group II were higher than in group I. Melatonin and vitamin C injection to group III and IV caused a decrease in malondialdehyde and glutathione levels. Catalase activity did not change in these groups. We have shown that cigarette smoke inhalation caused structural changes in the kidney. However, melatonin and vitamin C administration produced in some degree protection against smoke-induced damage.

Key Words: cigarette • kidney • light microscope • melatonin • vitamin C

References

  • Aebi H. (1974) Catalase. In: Bergmeyer, HU, (ed), Methods of Enzymatic Analysis, second ed. Wenheim: Verlag Chemie, pp. 673–678.
  • Baggio BBudakovic ADalla Vestra MSaller ABruseghin MFioretto P. (2002) Effects of cigarette smoking on glomerular structure and function in type2 diabetic patients. J Am Soc Nephrol 13: 2730 – 2736 .[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Bahatia ALManda K. (2004) Study on pre-treatment of melatonin against radiation-induced oxidative stress in mice. Environ Toxicol 18: 13 – 20 .[ISI]
  • Baptista MZAltundag KAkyurek SAltundag O. (2006) Tobacco smoking and breast cancer. Breast J 12: 396 – 397 .[CrossRef][ISI][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Bartecchi CEMackenzie TDSchier RW. (1994) The human costs of tobacco use. N Engl J Med 330: 907 – 912 .[Free Full Text]
  • Baskaran SLakshmi SPrasad PR. (1999) Effect of cigarette smoke on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in albino rat. Indian J Exp Biol 37: 1196 – 1200 .[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Bendich ACohen M. (1990) Ascorbic acid safety: analysis factors affecting iron absorbtion. Toxicol Lett 51: 89 – 90 .
  • Biswas SGairola CGDas SK. (2002) Passive cigarette smoke and the renal glyoxalase system. Mol Cell Biochem 229: 153 – 156 .[CrossRef][ISI][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Cigremis YTurkoz YAkgoz MSozmen M. (2004) The effects of chronic exposure to ethanol and cigarette smoke on the level of reduced glutathione and malondialdehyde in rat kidney. Urol Res 32: 213 – 218 .[ISI][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Cross CETraber MEiserich JVan Der Vliet A. (1999) Micronutrient antioxidants and smoking. Br Med Bull 55: 691 – 704 .[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Czekaj PPalasz ALebda-Wyborny TNowaczyk-Dura GKarczewska WFlorek EKaminski M. (2002) Morphological changes in lungs, placenta, liver and kidneys of pregnant rats exposed to cigarette smoke. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 75: 27 – 35 .[CrossRef]
  • Doll R. (1996) Cancers weakly related to smoking. Br Med Bull 52: 35 – 49 .[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Elman GL. (1959) Tissue sulfhydryl groups. Arch Biochem Biophys 82: 70 – 77 .[CrossRef][ISI][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Gambaro GVerlato FBudakovic ACasara DSaladini GDel Prete DBertaglia GMasiero MChecchetto SBeggio B. (1998) Renal impairment in chronic cigarette smoking. J Am Soc Nephrol 9: 562 – 567 .[Abstract]
  • Hays AMSrinivasan DWitten MLCarter DELantz RC. (2006) Arsenic and cigarette smoke synergistically increase DNA oxidation in the lung. Toxicol Pathol 34: 396 – 404 .[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Hoffmann DHoffmann I. (1997) The changing cigarette, 1950–1995. J Toxicol Environ Health 50: 307 – 364 .[CrossRef][ISI][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Hovind PRossing PTarnow LParving HH. (2003) Smoking and progression of diabetic nephropathy in type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care 26: 911 – 916 .[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Kilic EOzdemir YGBolay HKelestimur HDalkara T. (1999) Physiological melatonin release as well as exogenously given melatonin protect brain against focal ischaemia. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 19: 511 – 516 .[ISI][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Kleszczewska EBuraczyk MLisowski P. (2005) Long-term smoke-cadmium concentration in smokers seniors with stable coronary artery disease scheduled for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Przegl Lek 62: 1067 – 1071 .[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Kojo S. (2004) Vitamin C: basic metabolism and its function as an index of oxidative stress. Curr Med Chem 11: 1041 – 1064 .[CrossRef][ISI][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Kus ISarsilmaz MOgeturk MYilmaz BKelestimur HOner H. (2000) Ultrastructural interrelationship between the pineal gland and the testis in the male rat. Arch Androl 45: 119 – 124 .[CrossRef][ISI][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Lhotta KRumpelt HJKonig PMayer GKronenberg F. (2002) Cigarette smoking and vascular pathology in renal biopsies. Kidney Int 61: 648 – 654 .[CrossRef][ISI][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Naidu KA. (2003) Vitamin C in human health and disease is still a mystery? An overview. Nutr J 21: 2 – 7 .
  • Ohkawa HOhishi NYagi K. (1979) Assay for lipid peroxides in animal tissues by thiobarbituric acid reaction. Anal Biochem 95: 351 – 358 .[CrossRef][ISI][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Orth SR. (2000) Smoking – a renal risk factor. Nephron 86: 12 – 26 .[CrossRef][ISI][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Pandi-Perumal SRSrinivasan VMaestroni GJCardinali DPPoeggeler BHardeland R. (2006) Melatonin. FEBS J 273: 2813 – 2838 .[CrossRef][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Pohl HReidy JA. (1989) Vitamin C intake influences the bleomycin-induced chromosome damage assay: implications for detection of cancer susceptibility and chromosome breakage syndromes. Mutat Res 224: 247 – 252 .[CrossRef][ISI][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Rahman IMacNee W. (1996) Role of oxidants/antioxidants in smoking induced lung diseases. Free Radic Biol Med 21: 669 – 681 .[CrossRef][ISI][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Reiter RJ. (1996) Novel intracelluler actions of melatonin: its relation to reactive oxygen species. Front Horm Res 21: 160 – 166 .[ISI]
  • Reiter RJ. (1998) Oxidative damage in the central nervous system protection by melatonin. Prog Neurobiol 56: 359 – 384 .[CrossRef][ISI][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Reiter RJPoeggeler BTan DXChen LManchester LCGuerrero JM. (1993) Antioxidant capacity of melatonin: a novel action not requiring a receptor. Neuroendocrinology 15: 103 – 116 .[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Repine JEBast ALankhorst I. (1997) Oxidative stress in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Oxidative stress study group. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 156: 341 – 357 .[Free Full Text]
  • Rossner PCerná MPokorná DHájek VPetr J. (1988) Effect of ascorbic acid prophylaxis on the frequency of chromosome aberrations, urine mutagenicity and nucleolus test in workers occupationally exposed to cytostatic drugs. Mutat Res 208: 149 – 153 .[CrossRef][ISI][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Sahna EParlakpinar HOzturk FCigremis YAcet A. (2003) The protective effects of physiological and pharmacological concentrations of melatonin on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Urol Res 31: 188 – 193 .[CrossRef][ISI][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Shin YHLee SHMun KC. (2002) Effect of melatonin on the antioxidant enzymes in the kidneys of cyclosporine-treated rats. Transplant Proc 34: 2650 – 2651 .[CrossRef][ISI][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Sram RJDobias LPastorkova ARössner PJanca L. (1983a) Effect of ascorbic acid prophylaxis on the frequency of chromosome aberrations in the peripheral lymphocytes of coal-tar workers. Mutat Res 120: 181 – 186 .[CrossRef][ISI][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Sram RJSamkova IHola N. (1983b) High-dose ascorbic acid prophylaxis in workers occupationally exposed to halogenated ethers. J Hyg Epidemiol Microbiol Immunol 27: 305 – 318 .[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Sram RJHola NKotesovec FVavra R. (1985) Chromosomal abnormalities in soft coal open-cast mining workers. Mutat Res 144: 271 – 275 .[CrossRef][ISI][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Suzen S. (2006) Recent developments of melatonin related antioxidant compounds. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 9: 409 – 419 .[CrossRef][ISI][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Thophon SPokethitiyook PChalermwat KUpatham ESSahaphong S. (2004) Ultrastructural alterations in the liver and kidney of white sea bass, Lates calcarifer, in acute and subchronic cadmium exposure. Environ Toxicol 19: 11 – 19 .[CrossRef][ISI][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Ueyema KYokode MArai HNagano YLi ZXCho MKita T. (1998) Cholesterol efflux of high-density lipoproteins is impaired by whole phase cigarette smoke extract through lipid peroxidation. Free Radic Biol Med 24: 182 – 190 .[CrossRef][ISI][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Wintergerst ESMaggini SHornig DH. (2006) Immune-enhancing role of vitamin C and zinc and effect on clinical conditions. Ann Nutr Metab 50: 85 – 94 .[CrossRef][ISI][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Yamamoto YIsoyama ESofikitis NMiyagawa I. (1998) Effects of smoking on testicular function and fertilizing potential in rats. Urol Res 26: 45 – 48 .[CrossRef][ISI][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Yuan JMCastelao JEGago-Dominguez MYu MCRoss RK. (1998) Tobacco use in relation to renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 7: 429 – 433 .[Abstract/Free Full Text]

Add to CiteULike CiteULike   Add to Connotea Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us Del.icio.us   Add to Digg Digg   Add to Reddit Reddit   Add to Technorati Technorati    What's this?



This Article
Right arrow Abstract Freely available
Right arrow Free Full Text (Free PDF) Free
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Right arrow Citation Map
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Add to Saved Citations
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowRequest Permissions
Right arrow Request Reprints
Right arrow Add to My Marked Citations
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Ozan, E
Right arrow Articles by Kuloglu, T
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Ozan, E
Right arrow Articles by Kuloglu, T
Social Bookmarking
Add to CiteULike   Add to Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us   Add to Digg   Add to Reddit   Add to Technorati  
What's this?